Amazing facts about India

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The official Sanskrit name for India is Bharat.  INDIA has been called Bharat even in Satya yuga ( Golden Age ) More INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT India : - 

• The name `India’ is derived from the River Indus, the valleys around which were the home of the early settlers. The Aryan worshippers referred to the river Indus as the Sindhu.
• The Persian invaders converted it into Hindu. The name `Hindustan’ combines Sindhu and Hindu and thus refers to the land of the Hindus.
• The number system was invented by India. Aryabhatta was the scientist who invented the digit zero. More facts after the break...

• Sanskrit is considered as the mother of all higher languages. This is because it is the most precise, and therefore suitable language for computer software. ( a report in Forbes magazine, July 1987 ).
• Chess was invented in India.
• Algebra, Trigonometry and Calculus are studies which originated in India.
• The' place value system' and the 'decimal system' were developed in 100 BC in India.
• The first six Mogul Emperor's of India ruled in an unbroken succession from father to son for two hundred years, from 1526 to 1707.
• The World's First Granite Temple is the Brihadeswara temple at Tanjavur in Tamil Nadu. The shikhara is made from a single ' 80-tonne ' piece of granite. Also, this magnificient temple was built in just five years, (between 1004 AD and 1009 AD) during the reign of Rajaraja Chola.
• India is.......the Largest democracy in the world, the 6th largest country in the world AND one of the most ancient and living civilizations (at least 10, 000 years old).
• The game of snakes & ladders was created by the 13th century poet saint Gyandev. It was originally called 'Mokshapat.' The ladders in the game represented virtues and the snakes indicated vices. The game was played with cowrie shells and dices. Later through time, the game underwent several modifications but the meaning is the same i.e good deeds take us to heaven and evil to a cycle of re-births.
• The world's highest cricket ground is in Chail, Himachal Pradesh. Built in 1893 after levelling a hilltop, this cricket pitch is 2444 meters above sea level.
• India has the most post offices in the world !
• The largest employer in the world is the Indian railway system, employing over a million people !.
• The World's first university was established in Takshila in 700 BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4th century was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.
• Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to mankind. The father of medicine, Charaka, consolidated Ayurveda 2500 years ago.
• Although modern images & descriptions of India often show poverty, India was one of the richest countries till the time of British in the early 17th Century. Christopher Columbus was attracted by India's wealth and was looking for route to India when he discovered America by mistake.
• The art of Navigation & Navigating was born in the river Sindh 6000 over years ago. The very word 'Navigation' is derived from the Sanskrit word NAVGATIH. The word navy is also derived from the Sanskrit word 'Nou'.
• Bhaskaracharya rightly calculated the time taken by the earth to orbit the sun hundreds of years before the astronomer Smart. His calculations was - Time taken by earth to orbit the sun: ( 5th century ) 365.258756484 days.
• The value of "pi" was first calculated by the Indian Mathematician Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6th century, which was long before the European mathematicians.
• Algebra, trigonometry and calculus also orignated from India. Quadratic equations were used by Sridharacharya in the 11th century. The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Hindus used numbers as big as 10*53 ( i.e 10 to the power of 53 ) with specific names as early as 5000 B.C. during the Vedic period. Even today, the largest used number is Tera: 10*12( 10 to the power of 12 ).
• Until 1896, India was the only source for diamonds to the world. ( Source . Gemological Institute of America )
• The Baily Bridge is the highest bridge in the world. It is located in the Ladakh valley between the Dras and Suru rivers in the Himalayan mountains. It was built by the Indian Army in August 1982.
• Sushruta is regarded as the father of surgery. Over 2600 years ago Sushrata & his team conducted complicated surgeries like cataract, artificial limbs, cesareans, fractures, urinary stones and also plastic surgery and brain surgeries.
• Usage of anesthesia was well known in ancient India medicine. Detailed knowledge of anatomy, embryology, digestion, metabolism, physiology, etiology, genetics and immunity is also found in many ancient Indian texts.

great founders from india

Great Founders

ARYABHATT (476 CE)

MASTER ASTRONOMER AND MATHEMATICIAN

Born in 476 CE in Kusumpur ( Bihar ), Aryabhatt's intellectual brilliance remapped the boundaries of mathematics and astronomy. In 499 CE, at the age of 23, he wrote a text on astronomy and an unparallel treatise on mathematics called "Aryabhatiyam." He formulated the process of calculating the motion of planets and the time of eclipses. Aryabhatt was the first to proclaim that the earth is round, it rotates on its axis, orbits the sun and is suspended in space - 1000 years before Copernicus published his heliocentric theory. He is also acknowledged for calculating p (Pi) to four decimal places: 3.1416 and the sine table in trigonometry. Centuries later, in 825 CE, the Arab mathematician, Mohammed Ibna Musa credited the value of Pi to the Indians, "This value has been given by the Hindus." And above all, his most spectacular contribution was the concept of zero without which modern computer technology would have been non-existent. Aryabhatt was a colossus in the field of mathematics.

*

BHASKARACHARYA II (1114-1183 CE)

GENIUS IN ALGEBRA

Born in the obscure village of Vijjadit (Jalgaon) in Maharastra, Bhaskaracharya's work in Algebra, Arithmetic and Geometry catapulted him to fame and immortality. His renowned mathematical works called "Lilavati" and "Bijaganita" are considered to be unparalled and a memorial to his profound intelligence. Its translation in several languages of the world bear testimony to its eminence. In his treatise " Siddhant Shiromani " he writes on planetary positions, eclipses, cosmography, mathematical techniques and astronomical equipment. In the " Surya Siddhant " he makes a note on the force of gravity: "Objects fall on earth due to a force of attraction by the earth. Therefore, the earth, planets, constellations, moon, and sun are held in orbit due to this attraction." Bhaskaracharya was the first to discover gravity, 500 years before Sir Isaac Newton . He was the champion among mathematicians of ancient and medieval India . His works fired the imagination of Persian and European scholars, who through research on his works earned fame and popularity.

ACHARYA KANAD (600 BCE)

FOUNDER OF ATOMIC THEORY

As the founder of " Vaisheshik Darshan "- one of six principal philosophies of India - Acharya Kanad was a genius in philosophy. He is believed to have been born in Prabhas Kshetra near Dwarika in Gujarat . He was the pioneer expounder of realism, law of causation and the atomic theory. He has classified all the objects of creation into nine elements, namely: earth, water, light, wind, ether, time, space, mind and soul. He says, "Every object of creation is made of atoms which in turn connect with each other to form molecules." His statement ushered in the Atomic Theory for the first time ever in the world, nearly 2500 years before John Dalton . Kanad has also described the dimension and motion of atoms and their chemical reactions with each other. The eminent historian, T.N. Colebrook , has said, "Compared to the scientists of Europe , Kanad and other Indian scientists were the global masters of this field."

NAGARJUNA (100 CE)

WIZARD OF CHEMICAL SCIENCE

He was an extraordinary wizard of science born in the nondescript village of Baluka in Madhya Pradesh . His dedicated research for twelve years produced maiden discoveries and inventions in the faculties of chemistry and metallurgy. Textual masterpieces like " Ras Ratnakar ," "Rashrudaya" and "Rasendramangal" are his renowned contributions to the science of chemistry. Where the medieval alchemists of England failed, Nagarjuna had discovered the alchemy of transmuting base metals into gold. As the author of medical books like "Arogyamanjari" and "Yogasar," he also made significant contributions to the field of curative medicine. Because of his profound scholarliness and versatile knowledge, he was appointed as Chancellor of the famous University of Nalanda . Nagarjuna's milestone discoveries impress and astonish the scientists of today.

*

ACHARYA CHARAK (600 BCE)

FATHER OF MEDICINE

Acharya Charak has been crowned as the Father of Medicine. His renowned work, the " Charak Samhita ", is considered as an encyclopedia of Ayurveda. His principles, diagoneses, and cures retain their potency and truth even after a couple of millennia. When the science of anatomy was confused with different theories in Europe , Acharya Charak revealed through his innate genius and enquiries the facts on human anatomy, embryology, pharmacology, blood circulation and diseases like diabetes, tuberculosis, heart disease, etc. In the " Charak Samhita " he has described the medicinal qualities and functions of 100,000 herbal plants. He has emphasized the influence of diet and activity on mind and body. He has proved the correlation of spirituality and physical health contributed greatly to diagnostic and curative sciences. He has also prescribed and ethical charter for medical practitioners two centuries prior to the Hippocratic oath. Through his genius and intuition, Acharya Charak made landmark contributions to Ayurvedal. He forever remains etched in the annals of history as one of the greatest and noblest of rishi-scientists.

ACHARYA SUSHRUT (600 BCE)

FATHER OF PLASTIC SURGERY

A genius who has been glowingly recognized in the annals of medical science. Born to sage Vishwamitra, Acharya Sudhrut details the first ever surgery procedures in " Sushrut Samhita ," a unique encyclopedia of surgery. He is venerated as the father of plastic surgery and the science of anesthesia. When surgery was in its infancy in Europe , Sushrut was performing Rhinoplasty (restoration of a damaged nose) and other challenging operations. In the " Sushrut Samhita ," he prescribes treatment for twelve types of fractures and six types of dislocations. His details on human embryology are simply amazing. Sushrut used 125 types of surgical instruments including scalpels, lancets, needles, Cathers and rectal speculums; mostly designed from the jaws of animals and birds. He has also described a number of stitching methods; the use of horse's hair as thread and fibers of bark. In the " Sushrut Samhita ," and fibers of bark. In the " Sushrut Samhita ," he details 300 types of operations. The ancient Indians were the pioneers in amputation, caesarian and cranial surgeries. Acharya Sushrut was a giant in the arena of medical science.

VARAHAMIHIR (499-587 CE)

EMINENT ASTROLOGER AND ASTRONOMERA

Renowned astrologer and astronomer who was honored with a special decoration and status as one of the nine gems in the court of King Vikramaditya in Avanti ( Ujjain ). Varahamihir's book "panchsiddhant" holds a prominent place in the realm of astronomy. He notes that the moon and planets are lustrous not because of their own light but due to sunlight. In the " Bruhad Samhita " and " Bruhad Jatak ," he has revealed his discoveries in the domains of geography, constellation, science, botany and animal science. In his treatise on botanical science, Varamihir presents cures for various diseases afflicting plants and trees. The rishi-scientist survives through his unique contributions to the science of astrology and astronomy.

ACHARYA PATANJALI (200 BCE)

FATHER OF YOGA

The Science of Yoga is one of several unique contributions of India to the world. It seeks to discover and realize the ultimate Reality through yogic practices. Acharya Patanjali , the founder, hailed from the district of Gonda (Ganara) in Uttar Pradesh . He prescribed the control of prana (life breath) as the means to control the body, mind and soul. This subsequently rewards one with good health and inner happiness. Acharya Patanjali 's 84 yogic postures effectively enhance the efficiency of the respiratory, circulatory, nervous, digestive and endocrine systems and many other organs of the body. Yoga has eight limbs where Acharya Patanjali shows the attainment of the ultimate bliss of God in samadhi through the disciplines of: yam, niyam, asan, pranayam, pratyahar, dhyan and dharna. The Science of Yoga has gained popularity because of its scientific approach and benefits. Yoga also holds the honored place as one of six philosophies in the Indian philosophical system. Acharya Patanjali will forever be remembered and revered as a pioneer in the science of self-discipline, happiness and self-realization.

ACHARYA BHARADWAJ (800 BCE)

PIONEER OF AVIATION TECHNOLOGY
Acharya Bharadwaj had a hermitage in the holy city of Prayag and was an ordent apostle of Ayurveda and mechanical sciences. He authored the " Yantra Sarvasva " which includes astonishing and outstanding discoveries in aviation science, space science and flying machines. He has described three categories of flying machines: 1.) One that flies on earth from one place to another. 2.) One that travels from one planet to another. 3.) And One that travels from one universe to another. His designs and descriptions have impressed and amazed aviation engineers of today. His brilliance in aviation technology is further reflected through techniques described by him:
1.) Profound Secret: The technique to make a flying machine invisible through the application of sunlight and wind force.
2.) Living Secret: The technique to make an invisible space machine visible through the application of electrical force.
3.) Secret of Eavesdropping: The technique to listen to a conversation in another plane.
4.) Visual Secrets: The technique to see what's happening inside another plane.
Through his innovative and brilliant discoveries, Acharya Bharadwaj has been recognized as the pioneer of aviation technology.

ACHARYA KAPIL (3000 BCE)

FATHER OF COSMOLOGY
Celebrated as the founder of Sankhya philosophy, Acharya Kapil is believed to have been born in 3000 BCE to the illustrious sage Kardam and Devhuti. He gifted the world with the Sankhya School of Thought. His pioneering work threw light on the nature and principles of the ultimate Soul (Purusha), primal matter (Prakruti) and creation. His concept of transformation of energy and profound commentaries on atma, non-atma and the subtle elements of the cosmos places him in an elite class of master achievers - incomparable to the discoveries of other cosmologists. On his assertion that Prakruti, with the inspiration of Purusha, is the mother of cosmic creation and all energies, he contributed a new chapter in the science of cosmology. Because of his extrasensory observations and revelations on the secrets of creation, he is recognized and saluted as the Father of Cosmology.

republic day

The year of 1950 was the time when Indian Republic came into existence. It was on 26th of January, 1950, when the Republic of India gained an official identity. However, the process of forming a Republican nation had been started much before the year of 1950.

Republic Day marks the adoption of India's republican

Definition of Republic

Connoting the basic right of the citizens of the country to vote and elect their representatives, the term Republic has a huge significance in context of India. With a parliament and well-scripted Constitution, the Republic of India had 565 Princely states in 1947. However, all these states had been unified afterwards to be included under the Indian Republic.

Territory of Indian Republic

The territory of India covers 3,287,590 sq km of total area. The coastline of the nation is 7516.5km long while the frontier of the land area is 15,200km long. The positional coordinates of India stretches to 2933 km on the east-west direction. Whereas, the north-south direction of the country is of 3214 km. Situated between the eastern longitude of 68°7' and 97°25', India is placed between 8°4' and 37°6' northern latitude.

Constituent Assembly of Indian Republic

The Constituent Assembly of India initiated the process of forming a full-fledged constitution for the country from 1946. The nation gained freedom on 15th August, 1947. It was on 26th November, 1949 that the Indian Constituent Assembly formed the Constitution of India with 8 schedules and 395 Articles.

States and Territories of Republic of India

The present infrastructure of the Republic of India constitutes 28 states and 7 Union Territories. The states of the country are Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, Assam, Sikkim, West Bengal, Orissa, Bihar, Uttarakhand, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Goa, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. The 7 Union Territories of India are National Capital Territory of Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu and Puducherry.

Detailed information on the states of Indian Republic and the year, and when they were formed, are given below:

• Bihar is the third most populated state of India. This state was established as a province along with Orissa in 1912 and afterwards became an individual administrative unit controlled by the British Empire.
• Andhra Pradesh, formed in the year of 1953 is the fourth largest state of the country. It is also the fifth most populated Indian state.
• Chhattisgarh, a state in the central India, was created as a separate state in 2000.
• Gujarat, the seventh largest state of India, was established as a state in the year of 1960.
• Assam with a total of 23 districts has been an Indian state since 1947, the year of independence.
• Goa is the smallest state of the country with an area of only 3,702 square kilometer. This state was formed as a state in 1987.
• Arunachal Pradesh came into being on 20th February, 1987
• Mizoram was formed in 1987 in the form of a state. Before that, it was an union territory since 1972.
• Haryana was created in the year of 1966 as a result of the Punjab Reorganisation Act of 1966, when it was separated from Punjab.
• Manipur gained statehood in the year 1972
• West Bengal is the fourth most populated Indian state with the highest population density, which emerged as a separate state after India got independence in 1947
• Punjab was established just after India became an independent nation in 1947
• Kerala came into existence as state in 1956 following the States Reorganisation Act, 1956.
• Meghalaya was created with the Garo Hills and the United Khasi and Jaintia Hills, two districts of Assam. After gaining the semi-autonomous status in 1970, Meghalaya was given the status of an Indian state in the year 1972.
• An independent Tripuri Kingdom, Tripura was merged with the independent India in 1949 following the Tripura Merge Agreement. Tripura was given the status of an Indian state in 1972.
• Orissa was declared as a separate province in 1936 and in 1949 all the princely states surrounding Orissa were included in the state.
• Uttarakhand emerged as a state in the year of 2000, when it was separated from Uttar Pradesh.
• Karnataka was declared as a state in 1973. The state, initially known as the State of Mysore, was created after the States Reorganisation Act was passed in 1956.
• Sikkim, the second smallest state with the area of 7,096 square kilometer, was formed in the year 1975.
• Jammu and Kashmir was formed through the Treaty of Amritsar in the year 1847. It has been given status of a state of India in 1947 following the independence of the country.
• Uttar Pradesh, the fifth largest Indian state with the area of 238,566 square kilometer, was created in 2000 after Uttarakhand was separated from the state.
• Rajasthan, the largest Indian state with an area of 342,236 square kilometer, was declared a state in the year 1949.
• Tamil Nadu comprising a total of 30 districts was a part of the Madras state formed in 1947. However, in 1968, the Madras State was renamed as Tamil Nadu.
• Maharashtra, the second most populated state of the country was formed in the year 1960. The state was made from the Bombay Presidency and Central Provinces.
• Nagaland, initially a part of the Assam Province, was made a Union territory in 1957. The region was announced as a state in 1963 following the Naga People's Convention.
• Madhya Pradesh was created in 1950 and given the status of an Indian state in 1956. Madhya Pradesh along with Chhattisgarh was the largest Indian state till 2000, when Chhattisgarh was separated from the state following the Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act.
• Jharkhand, the 28th state of India was created in the year of 2000, when the Bihar Reorganisation Bill was passed.
• Himachal Pradesh was declared as a Union territory in 1956. After the State of Himachal Pradesh Act was passed in 1970, it was established as the eighteenth Indian state in 1971.

The 7 Union Territories of Indian Republic include:

• Delhi, which constitutes 9 districts, was declared as a Union territory in 1958.
• Puducherry including 4 districts was made a Union territory in 1963.
• Dadra and Nagar Haveli, which comprises only one district was given the status of an Indian Union territory in 1961.
• Andaman & Nicobar, which is divided into 2 districts, became an Indian Union territory in 1950.
• Lakshadweep which acquired its present name in 1973 and formed as an Union Territory in 1956
• Chandigarh which achieved the status of a Union Territory after 1947
• Daman & Diuwere which was declared as Union Territory in 1987

The date of January 26 was chosen as the Republic Day since on this very date the Indian National Congress unanimously voted to do away with the Dominion Status of the nation.

rajini baba

Name	Shivaji Gaekwad
Screen Name	Rajnikanth
Nick Names	Superstar
Profession	Actor
Date of Birth	12 Dec 1950
Mother Tongue	Marathi
Birth Place	Bangalore
Height	5 feet 9 inches
Education	* Early education in Acharya Patasala and later in  Raamakrishna Mission, Bangalore(PUC discontinued) * Studied in the Film Institute
Family	Father:Ramoji Rao Mother:Rambhai Sister: Shrimathi Aswathamma Brothers:Sathya Narayana Rao & Nageshwara Rao Wife:Latha Daughters:Aishwarya & Sowandarya Son-in-law:Dhanush Grandson: Yatra
Marriage date	26.02.1981
Earlier worked as	Carpenter, Bus Conductor
Guru	K.Balachander
Spiritual Guru	Satchithananda Swamiji
Debut	Tamil:Aboorva Ragangal Hindi:Andhaa Kanoon Telugu:Anthuleni Katah English: Blood stone Kannada:Katha Sangama Malayalam: Alavudheenum Arputha Vilakkum Bengali: BhagyaDevta
Career Firsts	Hero: Bhairavi Dual role: Billa Triple role:Moondru Mugam Positive role: Kavikuyil Singing: Adikuthu Kuliru (Mannan) Story and Screenplay: Valli Movie dubbed and released in Japan: Muthu
Ardent Devotee of	Shri Raghavendra
Director K.Balachander	* When he was studying in SIFCC institute of film acting, he met Mr.K.Balachander. * Gave him his screen name 'Rajnikanth' * Gave him his first role in films. * Was the only person to encourage him to act in films and gave him good advices. * In the beginning of his career he used to get nightmares of the film he is acting and also Mr.Balachander will be there screaming at him to act properly. * K.Balachander's 'Kavithalaya' started their productions with the film 'Netri kan'
Director S.P.Muthuraman	Directed 25 of his films. Most of them were turning points in his career.
His favourite film of his films	'Mullum Malluram'
Wish list	When he was working as a conductor he wished for Vespa scooter, a single-room apartment, and all the cigarettes money can buy.
Politics	Played a major part in putting together an alliance between the DMK and TMC which won the 1996 Tamil nadu elections.
Admires	Lee Kwan Yew(Former Singapore prime minister)
Dwaraka	The name of his private quarters in his home
Art Films	Does not like to do art films. Feels that the people involved in films should earn money and make people happy.
Health	Yoga and Meditation
Pets	loves dogs
Mannerisms	Swift movements, rapid-fire dialogue delivery
Books	* Autobiography of a Yogi * Gita as it was * Living with the Himalayan Masters' Swami Rama *  Books written by Shri Ramana Maharishi
Favourite	Colour: Black City: Chennai Place: Himalayas Food: Non-Vegetarian items Dress: White Khurtha
Cherishes	Appreciation Letter from K.Balachander for the film "Mullum Malarum"
Owns	Raghavendra Kalyana Mandapam
Past time	Likes to spend time alone
Rajini 25	Latha Rajnikanth arranged a mega-show to celebrate 25 years of Rajni in tamil cinema
About him	"I saw a fire in his eyes and an enthusiasm coupled with an urge to prove himself. I immediately realized that he was not just one more run-of-the-mill aspirant" - K.Balachander
Awards	* 2000 Padma Bhushan award from the Govt of India. * Tamil Nadu Govt awards  1999 - Best Actor(Padayappa)  1989 - MGR award  1984- Kalaimamani award  1982- Best Actor (Moondru Mugam)  1978 - Best Actor(mullum Malarum) * Filmfare Awards  1984 - Best Actor(Nallavanuku Nallavan) * Cinema Express Awards  1995- Best Actor(Muthu)  1993 - Best Story writer (Valli)  1992 -  Best Actor( Annamalai)  1991 -  Best Actor(Thalapathy)  1988 - Best Achiever Award(Blood Stone)  1985 - Best Actor(Sri Raagavendirar)  1984 - Best Actor(Nallavanauku Nallavan) * 1995 Best Actor  Screen Awards(Peaddarayadu)
Facts	* Had a very troubled childhood. Lost his mother when he was only 5 years old. * His father was a police constable. * His ancestors were believed to be from a village called Nachiar Kuppam in Dharmapuri Dist. of Tamilnadu. * Got his diploma in acting from Dr.P.N.Reddy. * Was discouraged a lot by his fellow film institute students. * In the beginning he did not know to speak Tamil well. * His film 'Muthu' was dubbed as 'Dancing Maharaja' in Japan and it ran for 23 weeks in Tokyo. Film 'Yejaman' was dubbed as 'Dancing Maharaja II'' * Has acted in two malayalam films and one Bengali film. * Likes to drive on his own. * Had acted in 12 of Amitabh's remade movies in Tamil * When he was working as a conductor his salary was around Rs.750 and one his friends named Raj Bhadhur gave him money to study in the film institute in Chennai. * Always prefers Big banners.
Address	18, Ragaveera avenue, Poes Garden, Chennai- 600086
Quote	Happiness begins when ambition ends.

RAJNIKANTH ENTRY TO THE FILM INDUSTRY:

Rajnikanth was born on December 12 1949 in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. He was the fourth child to his parents, Rambhai and Ramoji Rao.His original name was Sivaji Rao Gaekwad. He lost his mother at the age of five. He had his schooling at the Acharya Patasala in Bangalore and then at the Vivekananda Balak Sangh, a unit of the Ramakrishna Mission. His mother tongue is Marathi, though he has not done any films in it.Before starting his career in the film industry, he had to take up all sorts of odd jobs. He served as a bus conductor for Karnataka state transport corporation in Bangalore. It was during this time that he nurtured his acting interests by performing in various stage plays.




ACTING CAREER:

A friend helped him to join the Madras Film institute where Rajnikanth completed basic acting course in 1974 at the age of 25.He started his acting career in Kannada in the movie Kathaa Sangama, directed by Puttanna Kanagal, in 1976.In Tamil, he started with playing supporting roles, beginning as a cancer patient in Apoorva Raagangal (1975), directed by K. Balachander, who assigned him his stage name Rajnikanth. After several villainous roles, his first positive role was Bhuvana Oru Kelvikkuri (1979), in which Rajnikanth played a
failed lover in the first half and a do-gooder in the second.

The second phase of his life started with K Balaji’s Billa, a superhit disproving the canard spread by detractors that Rajnikant was “finished”. He was accepted as a full-fledged hero. Billa was followed by a row of hits like Pokkiri Raja, Thanikkattu Raja, Naan Mahaan Alla and the all-important Moondru Mugham, in which Rajni essayed a triple role. Even two decades after its release, the last continues to be a box-office draw and Rajni’s fans can never tire of the thalaivar’s verbal clash with villain Senthamarai. K Balachander’s first home production, Nettrikkam proved to be yet another milestone in Rajni’s career.As an actor, Rajnikant’s greatest asset, apart from his style is his sense of humour and comic timing. Like Amitabh Bachchan is popular for his drunken soliloquies, Rajnikant is famous for his comic encounters with snakes, repeated umpteen times.

In the early 80s, Rajnikant made a foray into Bollywood with Andhaa Kanoon, a superhit. But Rajnikant could not concentrate on Hindi films because he was already safely ensconced down South. He still made a few films in Hindi, to mention specially Chaalbaaz which had Sridevi in a dual role.After several films in the Eighties, he played a Hindu saint in his 100th movie, Sri Raghavendra. Many others followed, among them dramas, comedies and, at the end of the eighties, action-oriented family entertainers like Velaikkaran and Manidhan.Annamalai, which released in 1992, was the first Rajini film to gross almost Rs. 100 million at the box office.A new trend where his films’ collections exceed normal regional film expectations started off with Basha, followed by Annamalai, Arunachalam, Ejaman, Muthu and Padayappa. It’s now an accepted fact that only a Rajnikant film can break records set by his own films.Apart from Tamil, Rajnikanth has acted in over 160 movies, including Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Hindi and Bengali. He has also acted in a Hollywood movie Bloodstone in 1988.

Rajnikanth was awarded the Padma Bhushan award in the year 2000 and was rated as one of the most influential persons in South Asia by Asia week. Rajnikanth has won the Filmfare Best Actor Award, South on 2 occasions. He is the highest paid actor in India and the second
highest paid actor in Asia after Jackie Chan.

Unlike the eighties, several movies during his nineties were successful, like Muthu or Basha. At 53, his Baba released amid fanfare. Although the film grossed enough to cover its budget, it was viewed as a miserable showing and fell short of market expectations accumulating heavy losses for the distributors. Rajnikanth himself returned the losses back to the distributors who had immense faith in him. The whole affair cost him dear in terms of repute of making a comeback.

Chandramukhi, a remake of the Malayalam movie Manichitrathazhu. Chandramukhi was claimed as one of the most successful Tamil films ever as it ran in theatres for over 700 days since release and still running. His next film, Sivaji: The Boss, directed by S. Shankar will be released in 2007.

RAJNIKANTH FILMOGRAPHY:

DEBUT:

Tamil:Aboorva Ragangal
Hindi:Andhaa Kanoon
Telugu:Anthuleni Katah
English: Blood stone
Kannada:Katha Sangama
Malayalam: Alavudheenum Arputha Vilakkum
Bengali: BhagyaDevta

CAREER FIRSTS:

Hero: Bhairavi
Dual role: Billa
Triple role: Moondru Mugam
Positive role: Kavikuyil
Singing: Adikuthu Kuliru (Mannan)
Story and Screenplay: Valli
Movie dubbed and released in Japan: Muthu
First Film: Katha Sangama
50th Film: Tiger (Telugu)
100th Film: Shri Raghavendra
125th Film: Rajathi Raja
150th Film : Padyappa

AWARDS:

* 2000 Padma Bhushan award from the Govt of India-Tamil Nadu Govt awards
* 1999 - Best Actor(Padayappa)
* 1989 - MGR award
* 1984- Kalaimamani award
* 1982- Best Actor (Moondru Mugam)
* 1978 - Best Actor(mullum Malarum)-Filmfare Awards
* 1984 - Best Actor(Nallavanuku Nallavan)-Cinema Express Awards
* 1995- Best Actor(Muthu)
* 1993 - Best Story writer (Valli)
* 1992 - Best Actor( Annamalai)
* 1991 - Best Actor(Thalapathy)
* 1988 - Best Achiever Award(Blood Stone)
* 1985 - Best Actor(Sri Raagavendirar)
* 1984 - Best Actor(Nallavanauku Nallavan)
* 1995 Best Actor Screen Awards(Peaddarayadu)

AS AN ACTOR:

* Sivaji (2007) .... Shivaji
* Chandramukhi (2005) (as Super Star Rajinikanth) .... Dr.Saravanan/Vettaiyan Raja
* Baba (2002) (as Super Star Rajnikanth) .... Baba
* Bulandi (2000) (as Superstar Rajnikant) .... Ghajraj Thakur
* Padaiyappa (1999) .... Padaiyappa
* Krantikari (1997) (as Rajnikant)
* Arunachalam (1997) .... Arunachalam
* Aatank Hi Aatank (1995) .... Munna
* Badsha (1995) .... Badsha/Manickam
* Muthu (1995) .... Muthu
* Peda Rayudu (1995) .... Murdered Village Chief
* Zameen (1995) (as Rajnikant)
* Veera (1994) .... Muthuveerappan "Veera"
* Ejamaan (1993) .... Vanavarayan
* Insaniyat Ke Devta (1993) .... Anwar
* Uzhaippaali (1993)
* Valli (1993)
* Tyagi (1992) .... Shankar G. 'Dadhu' Dayal
* Mannan (1992) .... Krishna
* Annamalai (1992) .... Annamalai
* Pandian (1992) .... Pandiyan
* Thalapathi (1991) .... Surya
* Nattukku Oru Nallavan (1991)
* Khoon Ka Karz (1991) .... Kishan/Assistant Commissioner Yamdoot
* Farishtay (1991) .... Inspector Arjun Singh Tange
* Hum (1991) (as Rajnikant) .... Kumar
* Dharma Dorai (1991)
* Phool Bane Angaarey (1991) (as Rajnikant) .... Inspector Ranjeet Singh
* Shanti Kranti (1991)
* Adisaya Piravi (1990)
* ChaalBaaz (1989) (as Rajinikant) .... Jaggu
* Bhrashtachar (1989) .... Abdul Sattar
* Gair Kaanooni (1989) (as Rajani Kant) .... Azam Khan
* Kodiparakkudu (1989) .... Erode Shivagiri/Dada
* Mappilai (1989)
* Raajadhi Raaja (1989)
* Raja Chinna Roja (1989)
* Siva (1989)
* Bloodstone (1988) (as Rajni Kanth) .... Shyam Sabu
* Tamacha (1988) (as Rajanikant) .... Vikram Pratap Singh 'Vicky'
* Dharmathin Thalaivan (1988)
* Guru Sisyan (1988)
* Uttar Dakshin (1987)
* Daku Hasina (1987) .... Mangal Singh
* Velaikkaaran (1987)
* Asli Naqli (1986) (as Rajnikant) .... Birju Ustad
* Bhagwan Dada (1986) .... Bhagwaan Dada
* Dosti Dushmani (1986)
* Maaveran (1986)
* Mr. Bharath (1986/I)
* Naan Adimai Illai (1986)
* Geraftaar (1985) (as Rajanikanth) .... Inspector Hussein (Guest Appearance)
* Wafadaar (1985) (as Rajani Kant) .... Ranga
* Bewafai (1985) .... Ranvir
* Mahaguru (1985) .... Vijay (Maha Guru)
* Aaj Ka Dada (1985)
* Ek Saudagar (1985) .... Kishore
* Naan Sigappu Manithan (1985)
* Padikkathavan (1985)
* Sree Raaghavendar (1985) .... Venkatanathan
* Unn Kannil Neer Vazhindal (1985)
* John Jani Janardhan (1984) .... Janardhan Gupta
* Gangvaa (1984)
* Insaaf Kaun Karega (1984) (as Rajnikant) .... Police Inspector Vikram Singh
* Meri Adalat (1984) (as Rajnikant)
* Aakhri Sangram (1984) .... Bholu Pandit
* Anbulla Rajanikant (1984)
* Bhooka Sher (1984)
* Kai Kodukkam Kai (1984) .... Kaalimuthu
* Naan Mahaan Alla (1984)
* Nallavanukku Nallavan (1984)
* Thambikku Entha Ooru (1984)
* Zulm Ki Zanjeer (1984)
* Jeet Hamaari (1983) (as Rajinikanth) .... Raju
* Adutha Varisu (1983)
* Andhaa Kanoon (1983) .... Vijay Kumar Singh
* Moondru Mugham (1983) .... Alex Pandiyan
* Paayum Puli (1983) (as Rajinikant)
* Sivappu Sooriyan (1983)
* Thanga Magan (1983)
* Agni Sakshi (1982)
* Engeyo Ketta Kural (1982)
* Pokkiri Raja (1982)
* Pudhu Kavithai (1982)
* Ranga (1982)
* Thanikatu Raja (1982)
* Thee (1981)
* Black Cobra (1981)
* Garjanai (1981)
* Kazhagu (1981)
* Netri Kann (1981)
* Ranuva Veeran (1981)
* Thillu Mullu (1981) .... Chandran/Indiran
* Kaali (1980) .... Kaali
* Anbukku Naan Adimai (1980)
* Billa (1980) .... Billa
* Ellaam Un Kairaasi (1980)
* Johnny/Jani (1980)
* Murattu Kaalai (1980) .... Kaaliyan
* Naan Potta Savaal (1980)
* Ram Robert Rahim (1980) .... Ram
* Aarilirindhu Aruvathu Varai (1979)
* Alavuddinum Athbutha Vilakkum (1979) .... Kamruddin
* Annai Oru Aalayam (1979)
* Dharma Yuddham (1979)
* Johnny (1979)
* Kuppathu Raja (1979)
* Naan Vaazha Vaippen (1979) .... Michael
* Ninaithale Inikkum (1979)
* Thai Illamal Naan Illai (1979)
* Shankar Saleem Simon (1978)
* Aval Appadithaan (1978) .... Advertising Boss
* Bhairavi (1978)
* Ilamai Oonjal Aadukirathu (1978) .... Murli
* Mullum Malarum (1978) .... Kali
* Priya (1978)
* Thappitha Thala (1978)
* Aadu Puli Atham (1977)
* Avargal (1977) .... Ramnath
* Bhuvana Oru Kelvikkuri (1977)
* Chilakamma Cheppindi (1977) .... Kasi
* Gayatri (1977)
* Pathinaru Vayathinile (1977) .... Parattayan
* Anthuleni Katha (1976) .... Murthy
* Moondru Mudichu (1976)
* Apoorva Raagangal (1975)
* Katha Sangama (1975)

AS A WRITER:

1. Baba (2002) (screenplay) (story)

AS PRODUCER:

1. Baba (2002) (producer)

movies and masti

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great thoughts by great people

I know I'm an acquired taste: I'm anchovies. And not everyone wants those hairy little things. If I was potato chips, I could go more places.  -Tori Amos

People spend a lifetime searching for happiness; looking for peace. They chase idle dreams, addictions, religions, even other people, hoping to fill the emptiness that plagues them. The irony is the only place they ever needed to search was within. -Ramona L. Anderson

We have no say over the hand dealt us in life, but we do have a lot of control over how this hand is played. We are responsible for bringing out the meaning of our own lives in each moment that we live. Remember each moment happens only once and can never be retrieved again. -Roberta Andersen

Women like silent men. They think they're listening. -Marcel Archard

He who believes he knows the ending of things before they begin is either a very wise person or an idiot. Regardless, he is unhappy for he hast drove a knife into the heart of wonder. -Osten Ard

Happiness depends on ourselves. -Aristotle

It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it. -Aristotle

Music washes away from the soul the dust of everyday life. -Berthold Auerbach

Knowledge is power. -Francis Bacon

What I think is that the F-word is basically just a convenient nasty-sounding word that we tend to use when we would really like to come up with a terrifically witty insult, the kind Winston Churchill always came up with when enormous women asked him stupid questions at parties. -Dave Barry

Never shall I forget the time I spent with you. Please continue to be my friend, as you will always find me yours. -Ludwig Van Beethoven

A fact in itself is nothing. It is valuable only for the idea attached to it, or for the proof which it furnishes. -Claude Bernard

If there's one pitch you keep swinging at and keep missing, stop swinging at it. -Yogi Berra

I no longer worry about being a brilliant conversationalist. I simply try to be a good listener. I notice that people who do that are usually welcome wherever they go. -Frank Bettger

You will never find time for anything. If you want time, you must make it. -Charles Bixton

We all agree that your theory is crazy, but is it crazy enough? -Niels Bohr

If you think education is expensive, try ignorance. -Derek Bok

Laughter is the closest distance between two people. -Victor Borge

The difference between friendship and love is how much you can hurt each other. -Ashleigh Brilliant

People take different roads seeking fulfillment and happiness. Just because they're not on your road doesn't mean they've gotten lost. -H. Jackson Browne

The tragedy of life is not so much what men suffer, but rather what they miss.  -Thomas Carlyle

Remember, today is the tomorrow you worried about yesterday. -Dale Carnegie

Ninety-nine percent of the failures come from people who have the habit of making excuses. -George Washington Carver

Pain is inevitable. Suffering is optional. -M. Kathleen Casey

As long as people will accept crap, it will be financially profitable to dispense it. -Dick Cavett

He who asks is a fool for five minutes, but he who does not ask remains a fool forever. -Chinese Proverb

There are two perfectly good men, one dead, and the other unborn. -Chinese Proverb

I think the next best thing to solving a probem is finding some humor in it. -Frank A. Clark

One of the great tragedies of mankind is that morality has been hijacked by religion. -Arthur C. Clarke

The intellegence of the planet is constant, and the population is growing. -Arthur C. Clarke

Irix is about as stable as a one-legged drunk with hypothermia in a four-hundred mile wind, balancing on a banana peel on a greased cookie sheet. When someone throws him an elephant with bad breath and a worse temper. - Simon Cozens

The Past may not be your fault, but the Future is your responsibility alone. -Gene Cruz

Nothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be understood. -Marie Curie

Bad is never good until worse happens.  -Danish Proverb

Dream as if you'll live forever. Live as if you'll die today. -James Dean

Difficulty attracts the man of character because it is in embracing it that he realizes himself. -Charles de Gaulle

Solitude, though it may be silent as light, is like light, the mightiest of agencies; for solitude is essential to man. All men come into this world alone and leave it alone. -Thomas De Quincey

You can't comfort the afflicted without afflicting the comfortable. -Princess Diana of Wales

It's the friends you can call up at 4 a.m. that matter. -Marlene Dietrich

Watch me not care. -Dilbert

Everything comes if a man will only wait. -Benjamin Disraeli

If you focus on results, you will never change. If you focus on change, you will get results. -Jack Dixon

Right or wrong, it's very pleasant to break something from time to time. -Fedor Dostoevski

Boys frustrate me. I hate all thier indirect messages, I hate game playing. Do you like me or don't you? Just tell me so I can get over you. Kirsten Dunst

Nothing is often a good thing to say, and always a clever thing to say. -Will Durant

You can be in my dreams if i can be in yours. -Bob Dylan

The most unbelievable social convention of the age in which we live is the one to the effect that all religious opinions should be respected, no matter how ignorant. -William Edelen

Opportunity is missed by most people because it is dressed in overalls and looks like work. -Thomas Edison

Advice is what we ask for when we already know the answer but wish we didn't.  -Erika Jong

I can accept failure. Everyone fails at something. But I can't accept not trying. -Michael Jordan

Rest is not a matter of doing absolutely nothing. Rest is repair. -Daniel W. Joselyn

Show me a sane man and I will cure him for you. - Carl Gustav Jung

You come to love not by finding the perfect person, but by seeing an imperfect person perfectly. -Sam Keen

It's not what happens to you in life that's important, it's how you react to what happens. -Mike Keenan

The real test of friendship is: can you literally do nothing with the other person? Can you enjoy those moments of life that are utterly simple? -Eugene Kennedy

A child miseducated is a child lost. -John F. Kennedy

All this will not be finished in the first 100 days. Nor will it be finished in the first 1,000 days, nor in the life of this Administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet. But let us begin. -John F. Kennedy

About one-fifth of the people are against everything all the time. -Robert F. Kennedy

Only those who dare to fail greatly can ever achieve greatly. -Robert F. Kennedy

People are very open-minded about new things--as long as they're exactly like the old ones. -Charles Kettering

I am a part of all I have read. -John Kieran

People demand freedom of speech to make up for the freedom of thought which they avoid. -Soren Aabye Kierkegaard

When elephants fight, it is the grass that suffers. -Kikuyu proverb

In the End, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends. -Martin Luther King Jr.

The ultimate measure of a man is not where he stands in moments of comfort and convenience, but where he stands at times of challenge and controversy. -Martin Luther King, Jr.

Everybody has the will to win; precious few have the will to prepare to win. -Bobby Knight

Life sucks, but death doesn't put out at all. -T. J. Kopp

Parents always know what strings control your heart and soul. After all, they are the ones who tied them there. -Mercedes Lackey

I do not think I will ever reach a stage when I will say, "This is what I believe. Finished." What I believe is alive... and open to growth. -Madeleine L'Engle

Time you enjoy wasting, is not wasted. -John Lennon

If you were going to die soon and had only one phone call you could make, who would you call and what would you say? And why are you waiting? -Stephen Levine

People are just as happy as they make up their minds to be. -Abraham Lincoln

It's not whether you get knocked down. It's whether you get up again. -Vince Lombardi

Security categories in india

In India, security is provided to high-risk individuals by the police and local government. Depending on the threat perception to the person, the category is divided into four tiers: Z+ (highest level), Z, Y and X.
Individuals under the security blanket include Cabinet Ministers, Chief Ministers, High Court and Supreme Judges, leading politicians, and senior bureaucrats. Details of the categories are as follows:

• Z+ category has a security cover of 36 personnel.
• Z category has a security cover of 22 personnel.
• Y category has a security cover of 11 personnel.
• X category has a security cover of 2 personnel.

In many cases being placed in a category is viewed as a status symbol by politicians, and many use their clout to secure a Z+ security cover. This is criticised by the public as a waste of taxpayer's money on less deserving candidates.
Recently Sachin Tendulkar was given Z+ security as there are threats to his life.
The SPG (Special Protection Group), NSG (National Security Guards), ITBP (Indo-Tibetan Border Police) and CRPF (Central Reserve Police Force) are the agencies responsible for providing securities to VVIPs/VIPs/Politicians/ High-profile celebrities and sportspersons.
The NSG is used extensively to guard VIPs and VVIPs, especially those in the Z+ category. Many NSG personnel are seconded to the Special Protection Group (SPG) which guards the Prime Minister. However, the use of NSG for VIP protection has spiralled out of control recently. More than 19 persons currently enjoy NSG protection, mainly as a status symbol. The Home Minister has clamped down on this misuse and is currently phasing out the use of the NSG for VIP protection in all but the most serious cases (Z+ category). From now on, NSG coverage will be provided based on a person's threat perception rather than status. This move has freed up a large number of operators for other missions. The NSG is also in demand as security consultants and are known to be active in the Middle East.
SPG commandos cater to the PM, former PMs and their immediate family members as part of the Z+ category of security cover.
The 'Z' category, in turn, entails security cover by the Delhi police or the ITBF or CRPF personnel and one escort car. The 'Y' category encompasses two personal security officers (PSOs) and the 'X' category, one PSO.
In June - July 2010 Salman Khan also given a Z-level security by the government.